Glossary

Welcome to the 8Primal glossary, your go-to resource for understanding the language of meat. From the butcher's block to your dinner plate, we'll demystify common terms related to cuts, cooking techniques, and sustainable raising practices, empowering you to make informed choices and elevate your culinary experience.


Aging (Beef)
The process of allowing beef to rest after slaughter typically under controlled temperature and humidity. This can be either dry-aging (exposed to air) or wet-aging (vacuum-sealed). Aging tenderizes the meat and intensifies its flavor.
Antibiotic-Free
Meat from animals raised without the routine use of antibiotics. This practice aims to prevent the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Artisan Cut
A less common or specialty cut of meat, often prepared with particular skill and attention by a butcher.

Barding
Wrapping lean cuts of meat (like tenderloin) with fat (often bacon or pork fatback) before cooking to add moisture and flavor.
Blade Tenderizing
A process where a machine with small blades or needles pierces the meat to break down muscle fibers, resulting in a more tender texture.
Bone-In
A cut of meat that still contains the bone. Bones can contribute flavor and moisture during cooking.
Braising
A slow, moist-heat cooking method where meat is seared at high heat and then simmered in liquid until tender. Ideal for tougher cuts.
Brisket
A tough cut of beef from the chest area, best cooked low and slow through braising or smoking.
Broiling
Cooking meat under direct, high heat from an oven broiler. Best for thinner cuts.
Butcher
A skilled professional who cuts, prepares, and sells meat.

Carry-Over Cooking
The phenomenon where a cooked piece of meat continues to rise in internal temperature after being removed from the heat source. Resting allows this process to complete and the juices to redistribute.
Casing (Sausage)
The natural (animal intestine) or artificial membrane used to hold sausage meat.
Certified Humane
A third-party certification program that sets standards for humane animal treatment throughout their lives.
Choice (Beef Grade)
A USDA quality grade for beef that is high quality but with less marbling than Prime.
Chuck
A primal cut of beef from the shoulder area, often used for roasts, stews, and ground beef.
Confit
A cooking method where meat (often duck or pork) is salted and then slowly cooked in its own fat at a low temperature.
Connective Tissue
Tough tissue in meat (like collagen and elastin) that breaks down with slow, moist heat, contributing to tenderness.
Corn-Finished
Meat from animals that were primarily fed corn in their final stages of life. This can impact the flavor and fat content.
Cross-Grain (Slicing)
Cutting meat perpendicular to the direction of the muscle fibers, which shortens them and makes the meat more tender to chew.
Cure
A method of preserving meat using salt, sugar, nitrates or nitrites, and sometimes smoke and spices.

Dry-Aging
See Aging (Beef).
Dry Rub
A mixture of dry spices and herbs rubbed onto the surface of meat before cooking to add flavor and create a crust.

Elastin
A type of connective tissue in meat that does not break down during cooking and can result in a chewy texture.

Farm-to-Table
A movement emphasizing the direct sourcing of food from local farms to consumers.
Filet Mignon
A very tender, lean cut of beef from the tenderloin.
Finishing (Livestock)
The final period of an animal's life when it is fed a specific diet to achieve desired weight and fat composition.
Flank Steak
A flavorful but potentially tough cut of beef from the belly area, best marinated and sliced against the grain.
Forage
Plant material (grasses, legumes, etc.) that grazing animals consume.
Free-Range (Poultry)
Poultry that has access to outdoor areas for a significant portion of the day. The size and quality of the outdoor area can vary.

Game Meat
Meat from wild animals that are hunted for food (e.g., venison, bison, elk).
Gestation Crate
A small, individual enclosure used for housing pregnant sows in some conventional pork production systems. 8Primal prioritizes pork from farms that do not use gestation crates.
Grain-Finished
Meat from animals that were fed a diet primarily consisting of grains (like corn, barley, or wheat) in their finishing phase. This can lead to more marbling and a different flavor profile compared to grass-finished.
Grass-Fed
Meat from animals that have primarily grazed on grass and other forages throughout their lives.
Grass-Finished
Meat from animals that were fed grass and forages for their entire lives, including the finishing phase. This is often associated with a leaner profile and different nutritional content compared to grain-finished.
Grilling
Cooking meat over direct heat on a grill, typically using propane, charcoal, or wood.
Ground Meat
Meat that has been mechanically minced or ground.

Heritage Breed
Traditional livestock breeds that were raised before the industrialization of agriculture. They often possess unique flavors and characteristics and can be better suited to specific environments.
Humane Handling
The practice of treating animals with care and minimizing stress and pain throughout their lives, including during transportation and slaughter.

Injected
Some meats are injected with brines or solutions to enhance moisture and flavor. 8Primal prioritizes naturally flavorful meats.
Intramuscular Fat
Fat marbled within the muscle tissue, contributing to flavor, tenderness, and juiciness.

Larding
Inserting strips of fat (lardons) into lean cuts of meat before cooking to add moisture and flavor.
Lean Meat
Meat with a low fat content.
Loin
A primal cut of meat from the back of the animal, known for producing tender cuts like steaks and roasts (e.g., sirloin, tenderloin).
Low and Slow
A cooking technique involving low temperatures and long cooking times, often used for tough cuts to break down connective tissue.

Marbling
The flecks and streaks of intramuscular fat within muscle tissue. Marbling contributes significantly to the flavor, tenderness, and juiciness of meat.
Marinade
A seasoned liquid used to soak meat before cooking, often containing acids, oils, and flavorings to tenderize and add taste.
Meat Board
A curated selection of various meats, often served together for sharing.

Natural
According to the USDA, "natural" meat and poultry products must be minimally processed and contain no artificial ingredients or added color. However, the "natural" label does not address raising practices.
No Added Hormones
Meat from animals raised without the use of supplemental hormones. This is a legal requirement for pork and poultry in the US.
No Antibiotics Administered (NAA)
Similar to antibiotic-free, indicating that the animals were raised without receiving antibiotics.

Meat is our Passion

This glossary provides a foundation for understanding the language of meat. As you explore the world of 8Primal and your own culinary adventures, you'll continue to expand your knowledge and appreciation for the art and science of meat.